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Leonard Peter Binamungu

College of Information and Communication Technologies

Computer Science and Engineering

Biography

I am a Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies (CoICT), University of Dar es Salaam. Currently, I serve as a Research Grant Coordinator of the University of Dar es Salaam. Software Engineering, Information Systems, and Computing Education are my main areas of research, teaching and consultancy. Specifically, my Software Engineering research covers the following areas: software smells, clone detection, mining software repositories, empirical software engineering, automated software testing (acceptance test-driven approaches), and static and dynamic program analysis. As well, I am keen about research on the design, development, implementation, evaluation, and interoperability of Information Systems, particularly in the context of developing countries. I am also interested in studying how computing education can be linked to development. Thus, Digital Transformation for Development (DX4D) and Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) are at the heart of my research. I am always happy to be contacted for a chat by students or researchers working or wanting to work around these areas.

 

I have a PhD in Computer Science from the University of Manchester, UK (2020) where I was supervised by Suzanne M. Embury and Nikos Konstantinou. Also, I have an MSc in Computer Science from Osmania University, Hyderabad, India (2012), and a BSc in Computer Science from the University of Dar es Salaam (2009). For the past 13+ years, I have worked on various research, innovation and consultancy projects in the areas of software and information systems. From January 2016 to June 2019, I worked as a Graduate Teaching Assistant in the School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, teaching Software Engineering courses. I have also been working as an academic in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), where I joined as a tutor in 2009 and subsequently became an Assistant Lecturer in 2012, and a Lecturer in 2020. My teaching at UDSM has also has been mainly in Software Engineering and Programming.

 

I am a professional member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and, from 2017 to 2020, I was a member of the Centre for Development Informatics, University of Manchester. Also, since 2009, I have consulted widely in the area of Health Information Systems.

 

More information about me can be found here.

Research Interest

Software smells, clone detection, mining software repositories, empirical software engineering, automated software testing (acceptance test-driven approaches), and static and dynamic program analysis; design, development, implementation, evaluation, and interoperability of Information Systems; computing education; and Digital Transformation for Development (DX4D), and Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D).

Contacts

Email:

Projects

Selected research and consultancy projects

 

  1. Developing Demand-Driven Curricula for the Digital Technology Institute: From June 2025 to present, I have been leading the team that provides consultancy services for developing demand-driven curricula for the Digital Technology Institute, Tanzania. The client of this project is the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology.
  2. TSCMIS Evaluation:  From August to November 2022, I was a member of the team that was consulted by Cambridge Education under the Shule Bora project to conduct a high-quality diagnosis/audit of the Teachers Service Commission Management Information System, and advise Shule Bora on best way to complete development and deployment of the system.
  3. Assessment of Malaria Information Systems in Zanzibar: From May 2023 to date, I have been involved in the assessment of electronic information systems that are used for Malaria surveillance in Zanzibar, to establish their strengths, weaknesses and how they could be improved to facilitate more coordinated efforts to eliminate Malaria in Zanzibar.  This point is supported by Population Service International (PSI) with the support of the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI).
  4. Implementation of the national e-health architecture: From 2009 to date, I have been a researcher, system analyst and national implementer during the development, customization, training, deployment, and user support for DHIS2 in Tanzania, Africa and the rest of the world. The project has also generated scientific insights that have advanced the literature on the implementation of information systems in developing countries. The main client of this work is the Ministry of Health, Tanzania.
  5. Development of the National Human Resources for Health Information System: From 2009 to date, I have been part of the team responsible for development, training and supporting users of the Human Resource for Health Information Software (HRHIS), a software to facilitate the collection and analysis of information related to the health workforce of the entire country of Tanzania, with the aim of informing the decision-making process on the country health workforce agenda. The project has also generated scientific insights that have advanced the literature on the implementation of information systems in developing countries.
  6. eIDSR Tanzania: From 2013 to date, I have been a member of the team responsible for analysis, development, training and national deployment of the electronic Integrated Diseases Surveillance and Response (eIDSR) system. The system facilitates immediate and weekly reporting of certain diseases of public health importance through mobile phones, to inform disease surveillance and response teams in a bid to contain the spread of diseases. The project has generated scientific insights on the use of mobile technology to improve surveillance of outbreak diseases in the developing world. The client of this work is the Ministry of Health, Tanzania.
  7. Systems integration: From 2020 to date, I have been a Lead Consultant and Researcher in the project for integrating Hospital Management Information Systems of 12 tertiary hospitals in Tanzania with the DHIS2,  so that data from the referral, consultant and specialized hospitals across the country can be available in the national HMIS data warehouse (DHIS2), to inform planning, management, and decision-making of healthcare services in the country. I am the Project Lead on the UDSM side. Through various meetings and workshops with stakeholders from tertiary hospitals and their respective system vendors, so far, we have managed to integrate management systems for six tertiary hospitals with the DHIS2 and talks to integrate the remaining six are still ongoing. Also, from November 2020 to date, the Ministry of Health in Tanzania is currently working on a project to improve HRHIS by integrating all HRH systems across the country--pre-service, in-service, and HRH professional council systems—to facilitate holistic analysis, planning, management, and decision making on the country’s workforce agenda. A total of 8 systems are participating in this integration by exchanging data with the HRHIS. The client of this work is the Ministry of Health, Tanzania.
  8. Strengthening safety considerations in software engineering practices in Tanzania: From July 2022 to date, I have been a Principal Investigator of the team involved in needs assessment, curriculum and materials development, and facilitating the training workshops for professional software engineers in Tanzania on the development of safety-critical software systems. Both face-to-face and self-paced versions of the course have been developed and administered to more than 100 software engineers in Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar. The work is supported by the Royal Academy of Engineering, UK.
  9. Development of templates and guidelines for Software Quality Assurance: From February to  March 2024, I was part of the team that was engaged by the Tanzania Revenue Authority to develop the templates and guidelines for Software Quality Assurance in the Tanzania Revenue Authority. The developed templates and guidelines focus on ensuring quality across the software development lifecycle.
  10. Assessment of the Tanzania Electronic Single Window System: In October 2023, I was engaged by the Tanzania Revenue Authority to conduct a thorough assessment of the Tanzania Electronic Single Window System, and use the assessment results to develop a roadmap for the deployment, maintenance and support of the system.
  11. Guardians: From June 2023 to date, I was engaged as a researcher and author in the Guardians project by the UDSM’s Mwalimu Nyerere Professorial Chair in Pan African Studies to conduct research and write a book chapter on Digitalisation and Human Mobility. Using evidence from the Tanzania Immigration Services Department and the review of literature, the draft of the book chapter has been produced and is in the publication process.
  12. Development of the national guidelines for the integration of ICT in technical and vocational education: In August 2024, I was a member of the team responsible for the development of the national guidelines for the integration of ICT in the regulatory as well as teaching, learning, and administration activities of the technical and vocational training institutions across the country. The guidelines were developed based on the National Digital Education Strategy (2024) and other relevant policy frameworks.
  13. Development of the national guidelines for the integration of ICT in basic education: In September 2024; I was a member of the team responsible for the development of the national guidelines for the integration of ICT in the regulatory as well as teaching, learning, and administration activities of the pre-primary, primary, schools, and teacher colleges across the country. The guidelines were developed based on the National Digital Education Strategy (2024) and other relevant policy frameworks.  The client of this work was the Tanzania Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.

 

 

 

Publications

The following are my scientific publications, which can also be found in DBLP and Google Scholar.

 

Journal papers

  • L.P. Binamungu, and H. C. Kimaro: Problematizing the Determinants of Success of Interoperability of Information Systems Through the Lens of Stakeholder Theory and Enterprise Interoperability Framework. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries 2025, 91(4), Wiley[pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu, S. Maro, G. Justo, and J. Ndanguzi: The dynamics of strengthening the skills to develop safety-critical systems in Tanzania. Computer Science Education 2025, Taylor & Francis [pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu: Effects of Technical Debt on Software Interoperability. Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024, 43(4):153-163[pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu, and S. Maro: Behaviour Driven Development: A Systematic Mapping Study. The Journal of Systems and Software 2023, 203(2023) 111749, Elsevier[pdf][preprint]
  • L.P. Binamungu, and M. Mahundi: Investigating the Support for Agility in Developing Government Software Systems: A Case of Three East African Countries. Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 2022, 41(3):1-13[pdf]

Conference papers

  • L.P. Binamungu, G. Justo, and S. Maro: A framework for improving the development of safety-critical systems in the Global South. 2025 IEEE/ACM Symposium on Software Engineering in the Global South (SEiGS), IEEE, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, May 2025 [pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu, and Joel S. Mtebe: A framework for diagnosing the transformative development nature of a university ICT curriculum. Proceedings of the IST-Africa 2025, IEEE, Nairobi, Kenya, May 2025 [pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu: The role of source systems strengthening in the effective interoperability of digital health systems. Proceedings of the IFIP Working Group 9.4 Conference on the Implications of Information and Communication Technologies for Development, Springer, Cape Town, South Africa, May 2024 [pdf][preprint]
  • L.P. Binamungu, S. Maro, G. Justo, and J. Ndanguzi: Assessing software safety knowledge and skill gaps in Tanzania. Proceedings of the IST-Africa 2024, IEEE, Dublin, Ireland, May 2024 [pdf]
  • G. Justo, L. Binamungu, and F. Clemence: Improving Robustness of Optimized Parameters Gradient Tree Boosting for Crime Forecast Model. 1st International Conference on Technological Advancement in Embedded and Mobile Systems (ICTA-EMOS), Springer Nature, Arusha, Tanzania, November 2022 [pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu, and J. T. Mbelwa: Empirical Distribution of Code Reviews in DHIS2 Repositories and the Impact of Code Reviews on the Popularity of DHIS2 Repositories on GitHub. 2020 African Conference on Software Engineering (ACSE 2020), CEUR-WS.org, Nairobi, Kenya, September 2020 [pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu, S. Embury, N. Konstantinou: Characterising the Quality of Behaviour Driven Development Specifications. 21st International Conference on Agile Software Development (XP 2020), Springer, Cham, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 2020 [pdf]
  • A. Baryashaba, A. Musimenta, S. Mugisha, and L.P. Binamungu: Investigating the adoption of an integrated hospital information system in rural Uganda: A case of Kisiizi Hospital.In International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, Springer, Cham, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, May, 2019 [DOI]
  • L.P. Binamungu, S. Embury, N. Konstantinou: Maintaining Behaviour Driven Development Specifications: Challenges and Opportunities. 25th IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER 2018), IEEE, Campobasso, Italy, March 2018[pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu, S. Embury, N. Konstantinou: Detecting Duplicate Examples in Behaviour Driven Development Specifications. 2018 IEEE Workshop on Validation, Analysis and Evolution of Software Tests (VST), IEEE, Campobasso, Italy, March 2018[pdf]
  • L.P. Binamungu: Using Science, Technology, and Innovation to Develop Africa: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities. 13th Mwalimu J.K. Nyerere Centennial Intellectual Festival, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, June 2022[preprint]

 

Thesis

  • L.P. Binamungu: Detecting and Correcting Duplication in Behaviour Driven Development Specifications. PhD Thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, 2020 [pdf]

Books

  • W. G. Mtewele, L. P. Binamungu, H. Maziku, and O. Sedekia: Computer Science for Advanced Secondary Schools, Student's Book, Form Five. Tanzania Institute of Education. 2024. ISBN: 978-9912-753-26-6
  • L. Binamungu, H. Uledi, A. Maguya, P. Komba, N.F. Joel, P. Makhanda, and W. Mtewele: Information and Computer Studies for Secondary Schools, Student's Book, Form Four. Tanzania Institute of Education. 2022. ISBN: 978-9987-09-463-9[pdf]